🐅 **Tiger – Full Details**
1. **Scientific Classification**
* **Kingdom:** Animalia
* **Phylum:** Chordata
* **Class:** Mammalia
* **Order:** Carnivora
* **Family:** Felidae
* **Genus:** Panthera
* **Species:** *Panthera tigris*
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### 2. **Physical Features**
* **Size:** 2.5 to 3.9 meters (8.2 to 12.8 feet) including tail
* **Weight:** 90 to 310 kg (200 to 683 lbs), depending on subspecies
* **Color:** Orange with black vertical stripes; white underbelly
* **Eyes:** Round pupils, excellent night vision
* **Tail:** Long, helps balance during movement
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### 3. **Subspecies of Tiger**
There are 6 surviving subspecies:
1. **Bengal Tiger** (*P. t. tigris*) – India, Nepal, Bangladesh
2. **Siberian Tiger** (*P. t. altaica*) – Russia (largest subspecies)
3. **Indochinese Tiger** (*P. t. corbetti*) – Southeast Asia
4. **Malayan Tiger** (*P. t. jacksoni*) – Malaysia
5. **South China Tiger** (*P. t. amoyensis*) – Critically endangered, possibly extinct in the wild
6. **Sumatran Tiger** (*P. t. sumatrae*) – Indonesia, smallest subspecies
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### 4. **Habitat**
* **Type:** Tropical rainforests, grasslands, mangroves, and taiga forests
* **Location:** Asia — India, Russia, China, Southeast Asia, Indonesia
* **Territory:** Solitary, each tiger maintains a large territory
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### 5. **Diet & Hunting**
* **Type:** Carnivorous predator
* **Prey:** Deer, wild boar, buffalo, antelope, and sometimes smaller animals or livestock
* **Hunting Style:** Stealth and ambush, usually attacks from the side or rear
* **Eating:** Can consume up to 40 kg (88 lbs) in one meal
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### 6. **Behavior**
* **Solitary:** Lives and hunts alone, except during mating or a mother with cubs
* **Territorial:** Uses scent marking, scratch marks, and vocalizations to mark territory
* **Nocturnal:** Most active at night
* **Swimmers:** Excellent swimmers unlike most big cats
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### 7. **Reproduction**
* **Mating Season:** Year-round, peaks vary by region
* **Gestation Period:** About 3.5 months (104–106 days)
* **Litter Size:** 2–4 cubs
* **Cub Care:** Cubs stay with mother for up to 2 years
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### 8. **Communication**
* **Vocalizations:** Roars, growls, chuffing (friendly greeting), moans
* **Other Methods:** Body language, facial expressions, scent markings
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### 9. **Lifespan**
* **In the Wild:** 10–15 years
* **In Captivity:** Up to 20–25 years
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### 10. **Conservation Status**
* **IUCN Status:** Endangered (some subspecies are Critically Endangered)
* **Major Threats:**
* Habitat loss and fragmentation
* Poaching (for skin, bones, and traditional medicine)
* Human-wildlife conflict
* **Conservation Efforts:**
* Tiger reserves and protected areas
* Anti-poaching laws
* International breeding programs
* Awareness campaigns like "Save the Tiger"
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### 11. **Cultural Importance**
* **National Animal:** India, Bangladesh, South Korea, Malaysia
* **Symbolism:** Strength, courage, power, and royalty
* **Mythology & Folklore:** Revered in Asian cultures and often depicted in traditional art
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### 12. **Interesting Facts**
* A tiger’s roar can be heard up to 3 kilometers (1.8 miles) away.
* Each tiger has a unique stripe pattern, like human fingerprints.
* White tigers are not a separate subspecies, but a result of a genetic mutation.
* Tigers are ambush hunters and rely on
camouflage and silence.
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